Second Semester

Course Description

This course is related to basics of geology: Importance of geology, Earth Envelopes, minerals, rocks, soil, uses rocks as building and construction, structural geology, topographical and geological maps and their importance.

Course Aim

Introduce students the physical & mechanical characteristics, and to identify the most important geophysical exploration methods used in the site, and the geology surface and groundwater, the geology of tunnels, highways, railways, bridges, dams and reservoirs and the impact of the most important geological structures on engineering projects, as well as the effect of other geological phenomena such as volcanoes and earthquakes.

Textbook

 1. Karim, H. H. (2016). Fundamentals of Engineering Geology. Building & Construction Eng. Dep., University of Technology.
2. Price, D. G. (2009). Engineering Geology Principles and Practice. Springer-Verlag, 450P.
3. Bell, F.G. (2007). Engineering Geology. 2nd edition. Elsevier Ltd., 581 P.
4. Mclean, A.C. and C. D .Gribble, C.D. (2005).Geology for Civil Engineers. 2nd ed. E&FN Spon.
5. Derringh, E. (1998).Computational Engineering Geology. Prentice Hall.

Course Objectives

Objective 1: Introduction: Relationship between geology and civil engineering.
Earth structure (crust, mantle, core), geological cycle.

Objective 2: Minerals: formation, classification, crystal forms.
Crystallographic systems; Minerals identification.

Objective 3: Rocks: classification, nature, texture, Comparison. Igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic rocks. Geological materials in engineering construction

Objective 4: Soil: Weathering, erosion, soil formation. Classification: Transported and residual soils, mineral composition,

Objective 5:Structural geology: Types of earth movements, basic definitions. Folds, faults, joints, and their types.

Objective 6:Topographic General concepts, importance, components, construction of each map, Geological maps: General concepts, importance, components.

Computer programming is the process of performing a particular computation, usually by designing/building an executable computer program. Programming involves tasks such as analysis, generating algorithms, profiling algorithms' accuracy and resource consumption, and the implementation of algorithms.

Calculus, originally called infinitesimal calculus or "the calculus of infinitesimals", is the mathematical study of continuous change, in the same way that geometry is the study of shape and algebra is the study of generalizations of arithmetic operations.

Probability is the branch of mathematics concerning numerical descriptions of how likely an event is to occur, or how likely it is that a proposition is true. The probability of an event is a number between 0 and 1, where, roughly speaking, 0 indicates impossibility of the event and 1 indicates certainty.^{[note 1][1][2]} The higher the probability of an event, the more likely it is that the event will occur. A simple example is the tossing of a fair (unbiased) coin. Since the coin is fair, the two outcomes ("heads" and "tails") are both equally probable; the probability of "heads" equals the probability of "tails"; and since no other outcomes are possible, the probability of either "heads" or "tails" is 1/2 (which could also be written as 0.5 or 50%).

These concepts have been given an axiomatic mathematical formalization in probability theory, which is used widely in areas of study such as statistics, mathematics, science, finance, gambling, artificial intelligence, machine learning, computer science, game theory, and philosophy to, for example, draw inferences about the expected frequency of events. Probability theory is also used to describe the underlying mechanics and regularities

Correlation is a statistical term describing the degree to which two variables move in coordination with one another. If the two variables move in the same direction, then those variables are said to have a positive correlation. If they move in opposite directions, then they have a negative correlation.

Thermal Engineering

A thermal engineer is a specialist who uses knowledge of thermodynamics to design and build systems that transfer heat or energy. Strong knowledge of fluid dynamics is often needed by these engineers because liquids and gases are commonly the media through which heat is transferred. Within the field of thermal engineering, there are a number of other specialized fields. Thermal engineers may work with very small systems, such as those within electronics, or very large systems, such as those in buildings or vehicles. Additionally, this engineer may be expected to design or build systems that transfer heat into or out of other forms of energy.

A good understanding of thermodynamics, the study of how heat moves through a system, is essential to a thermal engineer. Different fluids, liquids, and solid materials transfer heat in different ways. When designing or building heat transfer systems, engineers take into account the various materials used. Experiments and simulations often give these engineers a great deal of information about the way heat will move through the finished system.

The duties of a thermal engineer can involve the actual design and construction of these systems, or they can be more theoretical in nature. Computer models and simulations are often used in thermodynamics to predict how a system will respond to changes in temperature, whether the changes are created by external sources or by internal processes. An engineer may be employed in order to provide analysis and advice in the development of complex systems.

A building material is any material which is used for a construction purpose. Apart from naturally occurring materials, many man-made products are in use.

Materials that are used in the building construction such as cement, brick, wood, glass and concrete, ...etc., are called building materials.

The engineers and the builders must all understand building materials performance under several conditions such as load, heat, weather, ...etc, to use it to the best advantage.